The nature of the Ampicillin

Ampicillin is a white crystalline powder. Ampicillin slightly soluble in water, insoluble in chloroform, ethanol, ether or fixed oil; dissolved in dilute acid solution or dilute alkali. Specific spin to take this product, accurately weighed, dissolved in water and diluted into a solution containing 2.5mg per 1ml, heating dissolved above 60 degrees water bath, cooling, according to the law determination, according to anhydrous calculation, specific rotation of +280 degrees to +305 degrees.

Pharmacological effects

Ampicillin is for the broad-spectrum semi-synthetic penicillin, very low toxicity. Antibacterial spectrum and penicillin similar to the grass green hammer, hemolytic streptococcus, enterococci have a strong antibacterial effect. Diphtheria bacillus, Bacillus anthracis, Gram-positive anaerobic cocci and bacilli sensitive to the goods; meningococcus, pertussis, brucellosis is also very sensitive. Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Proteus, influenza bacilli, pneumococcus, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and other strains due to some β-lactamase, so there are different degrees of drug-resistant bacteria. The resistance rate of Escherichia coli is as high as 50-60%. Enterobacter bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria resistant to the goods. The product is mainly used for the treatment of infections caused by sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, hemolytic streptococcus, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, meningococcus and diphtheria bacilli, pertussis, influenza bacilli, Salmonella, Shigella, and other infectious diseases; such as respiratory infections (Such as pneumonia, acute and chronic bronchitis, whooping cough, etc.), gastroenteritis and digestive tract infections (liver, biliary infectious diseases, acute and chronic gastroenteritis, bacillary dysentery, typhoid and paratyphoid), urinary to infection Inflammation, cystitis, etc.), soft tissue infections and sepsis, meningitis, endocarditis and so on.

Medicine interactions

Gentamicin: penicillin, carbenicillin, ampicillin and other penicillin antibiotics can make gentamicin inactivated. Glucose solution (pH3.2-5.5): in the acidic medium of ampicillin easy inactivation, reducing efficacy. Vitamin C: Ampicillin can be inactivated or reduced efficiency. Tetracycline: can reduce the efficacy of penicillin in the treatment of pneumonia, meningitis and scarlet fever. Edible fiber; can reduce the absorption of oral ampicillin. Balanced Solution: Lactate boosts the efficiency of ampicillin hydrolysis (30 minutes down to 75%). Indomethacin: penicillin can extend the half-life, so that blood concentration. Aspirin: penicillin can make the blood concentration, prolong the half-life of penicillin from 44.5 minutes to 72.4 minutes (competitive renal tubular secretion). Erythromycin: can reduce the efficacy of penicillin. For other drug interactions, consult your physician or pharmacist.

Precautions

1. patients each time before the beginning of application of drugs, must first penicillin skin test.

2. Allergy to cephalosporins and asthma, eczema, hay fever, urticaria and other allergic disease history of caution.

3. Drugs and other penicillin drugs are cross-allergic. If an allergic reaction occurs, you should immediately disable the product, and take appropriate measures.

 4. Renal dysfunction should be adjusted according to plasma creatinine clearance dose or administration interval.

5. For suspected gonorrhea with gonorrhea patients, the use of drugs should be carried out before the dark field of view, and at least four months, once a month to receive serum tests.

6. Long-term or high-dose application of drugs, should be regularly checked liver, kidney, hematopoietic system function and the detection of serum potassium or sodium.

7. Interference of laboratory tests: (1) copper sulfate test method may be false positive urine test, but the glucose enzyme test method is not affected; (2) serum alanine aminotransferase or aspartate aminotransferase assay Value is increased.