Salbutamol properties

Salbutamol has many types, such as tablets, capsules, aerosols and injections and so on. The sulfate is white or nearly white crystalline powder. Odorless, slightly bitter taste. Slightly soluble in water, soluble in ethanol, slightly soluble in ether.

Main Usage

1, for bronchial asthma, asthmatic bronchitis, bronchospasm, emphysema etc.

2, chronic congestive heart failure.

Other Usage

1, In modern pork farming is used as clenbuterol, to improve the pig's lean meat production. After 2002, was classified as breeding industry illegal drugs, shall not be added in livestock and poultry breeding.

2, In clinical practice for the treatment of premature obstetrics and gynecology, but has not been recorded in the drug instructions.

Pharmacology

Chemical structure of Salbutamol and is similar to Isoproterenol, the role of isoproterenol rather than Salbutamol is slightly stronger. Its absorption in the trachea is slow, but not easily destroyed by the body's sulfatase, so the role of strong and lasting. This product can effectively inhibit the formation of histamine and allergic delay reaction of the release of substances to prevent bronchial spasm.

Salbutamol is a selective β2 receptor agonist, can selectively stimulate bronchial smooth muscle β2 receptor, has a strong bronchiectasis. In patients with asthma, its bronchodilator effect is at least equal to isoproterenol. Inhibition of mast cells and other sensitized cells to release allergic mediators are also related to its bronchial smooth muscle spasm.

Salbutamol on the heart of the β1 receptor agonism is weak, so the role of increased heart rate and isoproterenol of 1/10. Due to the digestive tract is not easy to sulfatase and tissue catechol oxygen methyltransferase destruction, so this product is effective oral, long duration of action. Oral bioavailability of 30%, 15 to 30 minutes after taking effect, 2 to 4 hours the role of the peak, sustained more than 6 hours. Aerosol inhalation bioavailability of 10%, 1 to 5 minutes after inhalation of the entry into force, the role of 1 hour peak, sustainable 4 to 6 hours. Vd is 1 L / kg. Most of the metabolism in the intestinal wall and liver, into the circulation of less than 20% of the prototype drug. Mainly by renal excretion. For the prevention and treatment of bronchial asthma, bronchitis and bronchial asthma in patients with emphysema spasm. To prevent the onset of multi-use aerosol inhalation, can be taken orally to prevent seizures.

Drug efficacy

From a scientific point of view, any respiratory disease drugs are targeted, not for all causes. It is recommended not to blindly seek medical treatment, must go to a professional hospital, and another is the etiology and classification is not clear. Not to take a targeted treatment, not only failed to achieve the desired therapeutic effect, but to exacerbate the condition.

Respiratory disease is a common disease, morbidity, morbidity and mortality due to the main air pollution, smoking, population aging and other factors.

Treatment is key: As with other systemic diseases, careful detailed medical history and physical examination is the basis for diagnosis of respiratory diseases, chest X-ray examination of lung lesions has a special important role. As respiratory disease is often a manifestation of systemic disease, should also be combined with routine testing and other special examination results, comprehensive analysis, and strive to make the cause, anatomy, pathology and functional diagnosis. And then targeted to develop the most appropriate therapy for patients, starting from the root of the implementation of treatment. Recommendations to the state timely acceptance of scientific formalization of respiratory medicine, standardized, diversified diagnosis and treatment.

Precautions

(1) a few people can see nausea, headache, dizziness, palpitations, finger tremors and other side effects. When the dose is too large, visible tachycardia and blood pressure fluctuations. General reduction is to restore, should be discontinued in serious cases.

(2) of the other adrenaline receptor agonists may be allergic to the goods were cross-allergic.

(3) long-term medication can also be tolerated, not only reduced efficacy, and may exacerbate asthma.

(4) on the projectile in patients with allergic fluoro banned the FDA atomizer.

(5) β-blockers such as propranolol can antagonize the product of bronchodilation, it should not be combined.

(6) cardiovascular insufficiency, coronary insufficiency, hypertension, diabetes, and hyperthyroidism in patients with caution.

Adverse reactions

(1) The more common adverse reactions are: tremor, nausea, heart rate or heart rate exceptionally strong.

(2) less common adverse reactions: dizziness, dizziness, oropharyngeal dry.

(3) early signs of over-poisoning: chest pain, dizziness, persistent severe headache, severe high blood pressure, persistent nausea, vomiting, sustained heart rate or strong heart Bo, emotional irritability and so on.

Interaction

(1) the application of other adrenergic receptor agonists, and its role can be increased, adverse reactions may also increase.

(2) and theophylline drugs, can increase the role of relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle. May also increase adverse reactions.

(3) the product of bronchodilation can be β-blockers propranolol antagonistic, and thus should not be used with propranolol.