Introduction of globulin

Globulin can be 50% saturation ammonium sulfate solution precipitation of simple proteins. Do not dissolve in water, soluble in dilute brine, heating, precipitation or solidification. Exist in all animal and plant cells and body fluids. The most well-known globulin is human serum globulin, can be electrophoretic method is divided into α1-, α2-, β1-, β2- and γ-globulin, with immunity. In addition to lactoglobulin, myosin and so on. Plant protein in the seeds are mostly such. Globulin is generally insoluble in water, but with a small amount of salt, acid or alkali can be dissolved.

Globulin is a useful activated immunoglobulin as an inhibitor of eosinophilia, an immunomodulator, a therapeutic agent for autoimmune diseases, an anti-inflammatory agent, and an antiallergic agent. The present invention relates to a method for imparting a novel pharmacological activity not possessed by natural immunoglobulin to an immunoglobulin, an activated immunoglobulin obtained by the method, and a pharmaceutical composition containing the activated immunoglobulin as an active ingredient. The activated immunoglobulin of the present invention has an immunomodulatory effect different from that of a prior immunosuppressive agent, and is also useful as an autoimmune disease such as chronic articular rheumatism, systemic lupus erythematosis, multiple sclerosis and various immunodeficiency diseases.

Globulin is the body's serum protein, is produced by the body's lymphocytes. Generally can be divided into: α1, α2, β, γ and other four globulin. Globulin has an immunomodulatory effect, when the liver inflammation occurs, the body's immune system will be activated, resulting in increased immunoglobulin, but increased immunoglobulin will be very harmful.

The origin of globulin

According to the source of globulin can be divided into two, one for the healthy source of intravenous gammaglobulin preparations, according to the protein content of 10%, 16%, 16.5% and several other (domestic product concentration in more than 10%), Globulin accounted for more than 95%.

Another placental blood-derived gamma globulin (human placental blood globulin), placental globulin, preparations containing 5% protein, which accounted for more than 90% of gamma globulin. Placental globulin preparation because gamma globulin content and purity are low, the amount should be increased accordingly.

Classification of globulin

Globulin can be divided into α1, α2, β and γ four

1. inflammation in the liver lesions, a1 globulin increased, while the increase in a1 suggest a mild condition, if the reduction of often signs of disease emphasis. Therefore, the determination of a1 globulin in patients with hepatitis to determine the severity and prognosis of reference value.

2. a2 globulin can also reflect the severity of hepatitis lesions. In the early stages of viral hepatitis, most of the normal value, then gradually increased. In severe hepatitis, such as a2 globulin reduced to 0.4 g% or less, suggesting that patients will have or have hepatic coma. Liver cancer, a2 globulin is often increased. A2-containing lipoprotein, cholestasis, especially in chronic cases, increased blood lipids, a2 globulin increased. Decompensated liver cirrhosis, a2 globulin mostly reduced.

3. β globulin in bile stasis liver disease, most of the increase. Serious damage in the liver cells, due to reduced liver synthesis, β globulin decreased, the individual can be reduced to 6%.

4. r globulin in almost all liver and gallbladder disease are increased. Viral hepatitis, r-globulin moderately increased, usually 2-3 months is expected to recover. If r-globulin continued to increase without any other reason to explain, often means that the disease outcome is poor, has been converted to chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis. Heavy hepatitis, r globulin can be significantly increased, and even up to 2.5 g% -3 g%. If the r-globulin increased to more than 2 times normal, with transaminase more than 5 times the normal value. And for 10 weeks without improvement, can be sure for the subacute severe hepatitis, if not treated, the prognosis of dangerous. In chronic hepatitis, the mean value of r-globulin varies with the type of disease. Liver cirrhosis r globulin generally increased, especially in advanced or progressive decompensated cirrhosis, r globulin can be extremely high.

The significance of globulin in the diagnosis of liver diseases

Chronic liver disease patients Kupffer cell dysfunction or due to door - body short circuit, can not remove endogenous or intestinal antigen material, the formation of extrahepatic lymphatic tissue of chronic antigen stimulation, and cirrhosis of the spleen into the hyperthyroidism, can produce more Of the antibody molecules, resulting in hypergammaglobulinemia.

Acute hepatitis serum levels of serum globulin slightly elevated, chronic active hepatitis is more significant, especially in autoimmune liver disease increased significantly. However, any increase in serum antibodies can have elevated serum globulin, so the diagnosis of liver disease is limited.

The significance of different values of globulin

1. In severe hepatitis, such as a2 globulin reduced to 0.4 g% or less, suggesting that patients will have or have hepatic coma. Liver cancer, a2 globulin is often increased. A2-containing lipoprotein, cholestasis, especially in chronic cases, increased blood lipids, a2 globulin increased. Decompensated liver cirrhosis, a2 globulin mostly reduced.

2. Β globulin in the cholestatic liver disease, most of the increase. Serious damage in the liver cells, due to reduced liver synthesis, β globulin decreased, the individual can be reduced to 6%.

3. Globulin increases in almost all liver and gallbladder diseases. Viral hepatitis, r-globulin moderately increased, usually 2-3 months is expected to recover. If r-globulin continued to increase without any other reason to explain, often means that the disease outcome is poor, has been converted to chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis.

High risk of globulin

Globulin is produced by the body's immune organs, most of the globulin in the liver extracellular generation, and the body's immune system are related. Globulin normal 20-30 g / L, high globulin is usually due to the body by the invasion of foreign viruses, the immune system will come to fight against foreign viruses, resulting in increased symptoms of globulin.

When the human liver disease, liver cells have inflammation will lead to high globulin. For patients with hepatitis or liver cancer, if the globulin is high to show further deterioration of the liver disease, such as chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, albumin decreased, globulin increased; for hepatitis B patients with globulin detection value of more than 35.0, Then the liver injury. If the longer course of disease, the more severe disease, disease activity more frequently, the higher the value of globulin. When the progression of the disease to a certain extent, it is easy to have chronic hepatitis develop cirrhosis, or even become liver cancer.

In addition, for other diseases, such as autoimmune hepatitis, alcoholic hepatitis, myeloma, lymphoma, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis caused by high globulin, but also endanger the human body's health.